Annex

The database may only be used for environmental studies regarding product development and improvement. The database cannot be used for comparisons between the production of primary fibre and recovered fibre-based materials as such or for comparison to other materials.

		Semichemical Fluting production	Kraftliner production	Recycled Fluting production	Testliner Production	Corrugated Board Production
PRODUCT	tonne net saleable product	1	1	1	1	1
Sold by products

Tall oil	kg/t	7.71	13.27	0.38	0.38	n.a.
Tall soap	kg/t	1.98	1.29	0.46	0.45	n.a.
Turpentine	kg/t	0.39	0.86	0.06	0.06	n.a.
Bark chips	kg/t	0.00	8.63	0.00	0.00	n.a.
Wood chips	kg/t	0.00	2.17	0.00	0.00	n.a.

RAW MATERIAL
Wood consumption		as bone dry weight (= 45% of transported total wet weight)
Softwood pulpwood	t/t	0.00	0.720	0.0147	0.0147	n.a.
Hardwood pulpwood	t/t	0.801	0.134	0.0004	0.0004	n.a.
Sawmill residues softwood	t/t	0.0005	0.092	0.0029	0.0029	n.a.
Sawmill residues hardwood	t/t	0.059	0.000	0.000	0.000	n.a.
Total wood	t/t	0.865	0.946	0.0180	0.0180	n.a.

Recovered Paper	as wet weight	0.1001	0.2871	1.0569	1.0569	n.a.

Category
Mixed Grades	t/t	0.0391	0.0986	0.4722	0.4722	n.a.
Corrugated and Kraft, pre-consumer	t/t	0.0100	0.0199	0.0846	0.0846	n.a.
Corrugated and Kraft, post-consumer	t/t	0.0508	0.1685	0.4742	0.4742	n.a.
Newspaper and Magazines	t/t	0.0000	0.0000	0.0061	0.0061	n.a.
Other grades	t/t	0.0001	0.0001	0.0200	0.0200	n.a.

Purchased pulp consumption	as bone dry weight
Bleached virgin pulp	t/t	0.0000	0.0881	0.0006	0.0006	n.a.
Unbleached virgin pulp	t/t	0.0139	0.0097	0.0002	0.0002	n.a.
Pulp from paper for recycling	t/t	0.0000	0.0000	0.0005	0.0005	n.a.

Paper consumption for corrugated board production
Total	t/t	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	1.120

		Semichemical Fluting Production	Kraftliner Production	Recycled Fluting Production	Testliner Production	Corrugated Board Production
TRANSPORT OF RAW MATERIALS
Wood
Wood with truck	t.km/t	225	247	4	4	n.a.
Wood with rail	t.km/t	170	135	1	1	n.a.
Wood with boat (sea)	t.km/t	0	282	2	2	n.a.
Wood with boat (inland barge)	t.km/t	317	27	0	0	n.a.

Recovered paper
Recovered paper with truck	t.km/t	37	93	336	336	n.a.
Recovered paper with rail	t.km/t	0	67	20	20	n.a.
Recovered paper with boat (sea)	t.km/t	0	0	77	77	n.a.
Recovered paper with boat (inland barge)	t.km/t	0	0	0	0	n.a.
Recovered paper with boat (ro-ro ferry)	t.km/t	0	0	13	13	n.a.
Purchased pulp
Purchased pulp with truck	t.km/t	25	20	0	0	n.a.
Purchased pulp with rail	t.km/t	0	6	0	0	n.a.
Purchased pulp with boat (sea)	t.km/t	93	261	10	10	n.a.
Purchased pulp with boat (inland barge)	t.km/t	0	1	0	0	n.a.
Non-fibre inputs
Non-fibre with truck	t.km/t	57	57	14	14	n.a.
Non-fibre with rail	t.km/t	0	0	0	0	n.a.
Non-fibre with boat (sea)	t.km/t	5	44	1	1	n.a.
Non-fibre with boat (inland barge)	t.km/t	0	7	0	0	n.a.
Paper to corrugated board plants
Paper with truck	t.km/t	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	468
Paper with rail	t.km/t	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	185
Paper with boat (sea)	t.km/t	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	217
Paper with boat (inland barge)	t.km/t	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	23

		Semichemical Fluting Production	Kraftliner Production	Recycled Fluting Production	Testliner Production	Corrugated Board Production
ENERGY INPUTS
Steam	GJ/t	0.000	0.000	0.405	0.405	0.037
Bought Electricity	GJ/t	1.246	1.509	0.773	0.773	0.446

Fossil fuels
Natural gas	GJ/t	0.053	0.791	2.982	2.982	0.890
Heavy fuel oil	GJ/t	0.199	0.100	0.010	0.010	0.004
Light fuel oil	GJ/t	0.071	0.088	0.013	0.013	0.022
Diesel oil	GJ/t	0.002	0.004	0.007	0.007	0.000
LPG	GJ/t	0.000	0.033	0.001	0.001	0.021
Coal	GJ/t	0.000	0.008	0.107	0.107	0.011
Lignite	GJ/t	0.000	0.000	0.023	0.023	0.000
Peat	GJ/t	1.389	0.0003	0.000	0.000	0.000
Total fossil fuel	GJ/t	1.715	1.025	3.090	3.090	0.949

Renewable fuels
Bark	GJ/t	0,048	0,947	0,212	0,212	0,000
Wood (scrap wood, wood pellets, saw dust)	GJ/t	1,270	0,691	0,372	0,372	0,0002
Tall oil/pitch oil	GJ/t	0,000	0,115	0,003	0,003	0,000
Other biofuels	GJ/t	0,041	0,000	0,002	0,002	0,000
Total renewable fuel	GJ/t	1,360	1,753	0,588	0,577	0,0002

Refuse Derived Fuel	GJ/t	0.0002	0,047	0,660	0,669	0.000
Total fuel	GJ/t	3,075	2,826	4,338	4,338	0,950

		Semichemical Fluting	Kraftliner	Recycled Fluting	Testliner	Corrugated Board
WATER
Input total	m³/t	50.78	31.51	8.07	8.07	0.35
Ground water (non renewable)	m³/t	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Ground water (renewable)	m³/t	0.00	0.21	2.45	2.45	0.08
Surface water - lake	m³/t	44.04	9.92	0.76	0.76	0.00
Surface water - river	m³/t	6.74	21.06	4.49	4.49	0.01
Surface water - sea	m³/t	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Municipal water	m³/t	0.00	0.06	0.31	0.31	0.26
Rain Water	m³/t	0.00	0.24	0.06	0.06	0.00
Other water received	m³/t	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Water in - water out	m³/t	5.91	3.04	1.16	1.16	0.18

PROCESS CHEMICALS & ADDITIVES DRY MASS	kg/t	Semichemical Fluting	Kraftliner	Recycled Fluting	Testliner	Corrugated Board

Alum (Al₂(SO₄)₃	kg/t	0.00	1.21	0.012	0.012	n.a.
Binders (synthehic latex)	kg/t		1.05
Biocides	kg/t	0.12	0.11	0.08	0.08	n.a.
Borax	kg/t	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	0.13
CaCO₃	kg/t	0.00	26.34	2.09	2.09	n.a.
Ground Calcium Carbonate	kg/t	0.00	20.71	1.54	1.54	n.a.
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (purchased)	kg/t	0.00	5.63	0.55	0.55	n.a.
CaO, calcium oxyde (lime)	kg/t	0.01	3.57	0.025	0.025	n.a.
Coagulant	kg/t	1.40	0.10	0.12	0.12	n.a.
Colorants	kg/t	0.00	0.062	0.45	0.45	n.a.
CO₂, carbon dioxide	kg/t	0.00	3.71	0.08	0.08	n.a.
CO2, compress gaseous form	kg/t	0.00	1.76	0.00	0.00	n.a.
CO2, liquid form	kg/t	0.00	1.95	0.08	0.08	n.a.
Defoamer	kg/t	0.18	0.11	0.04	0.04	n.a.
Fillers (clay, kaolin)	kg/t	0.00	7.42	0.15	0.15	n.a.
Flocculants	kg/t	0.12	0.14	0.10	0.10	n.a.
Glue, cold + hot melts	kg/t	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	1.33
H₂O₂, peroxide	kg/t	0.00	1.81	0.00	0.00	n.a.
H₂SO₄, sulphuric acid	kg/t	0.052	7.28	0.079	0.079	n.a.
H₃PO₄, phosphoric acid	kg/t	0.024	0.034	0.014	0.014	n.a.
Water based ink for flexo printing	kg/t	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	2.66
Varnish for printing	kg/t	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	0.65
Ligno sulphonate	kg/t	0.00	0.00	0.74	0.74	n.a.
Lubricants	kg/t	0.053	0.14	0.000	0.000	n.a.
MgO, magnesium oxide	kg/t	0.48	0.00	0.00	0.00	n.a.
NaClO₃, sodium chlorate	kg/t	0.000	1.44	0.00	0.00	n.a.
Na₂CO₃, sodium carbonate (soda)	kg/t	3.52	0.00	0.002	0.002	n.a.
Na₂SO₄, sodium sulphate	kg/t	0.00016	0.48	0.00	0.00	n.a.
NaOH, sodium hydrowide	kg/t	14.48	8.43	0.40	0.40	0.25
NH₃, ammonia	kg/t	0.52	0.19	0.0001	0.0001	n.a.
Oxygen, O₂	kg/t	0.00	3.24	0.05	0.05	n.a.
O₂, compressed gaseous form	kg/t	0.00	3.24	0.00	0.00	n.a.
O₂, liquid form	kg/t	0.00	0.00	0.05	0.05	n.a.
Pitch dispergents	kg/t	0.012	0.018	0.010	0.010	n.a.
Polymer and retention agents	kg/t	0.047	0.582	0.233	0.233	n.a.
S, Sulphur	kg/t	8.42	0.00	0.00	0.00	n.a.
Sizing agents	kg/t	0.000	0.404	0.139	0.139	n.a.
AKD sizer (alkyl ketene dimer)	kg/t	0.00	0.155	0.100	0.100	n.a.
ASA Sizer (alkenyl succinic anhydride)	kg/t	0.00	0.183	0.023	0.023	n.a.
Rosin	kg/t	0.00	0.065	0.016	0.016	n.a.
SO₂, sulphur dioxide	kg/t	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	n.a.
Talc / malisul	kg/t	0.000	0.028	0.000	0.000	n.a.
Urea	kg/t	0.00	0.46	0.18	0.18	n.a.
Starch, corn (incl. modified and cationic starch from corn)	kg/t	0.00	3.14	9.40	9.40	9.69
Starch, potato (incl. modified and cationic starch from potato)	kg/t	0.00	1.45	11.45	11.45	0.00
Starch, wheat (incl. modified and cationic starch from wheat)	kg/t	0.00	6.46	21.33	21.33	4.14
Starch, other (flour, pea, undefined)	kg/t	0.00	2.98	5.01	5.01	7.60

		Semichemical Fluting Production	Kraftliner Production	Recycled Fluting Production	Testliner Production	Corrugated Board Production
EMISSIONS TO AIR

Particulates, < 2.5 µm	kg/t	0.0188	0.0264	0.0027	0.0027	0.00043
Particulates, > 2.5 µm, and < 10µm	kg/t	0.0104	0.0146	0.0015	0.0015	0.00026
Particulates, > 10 µm	kg/t	0.0554	0.0779	0.0078	0.0078	0.00023
CO₂ (fossil)	kg/t	174.25	67.19	202.52	202.52	54.86
CO₂ (biomass)	kg/t	790.74	1106.99	122.90	122.90	0.02
CO	kg/t	1.14	1.37	0.044	0.044	0.0028
NOx (as NO₂)	kg/t	0.86	0.78	0.19	0.18	0.0151
SOx (as SO₂)	kg/t	0.48	0.16	0.065	0.065	0.0096
TRS (H2S as S)	kg/t	0.106	0.009	n.a.	n.a.	0.000

		Semichemical Fluting	Kraftliner	Recycled Fluting	Testliner	Corrugated Board
EMISSIONS TO WATER
Water output	m³/t
Cooling water to freshwater	m³/t	22.43	6.01	1.04	1.04	0.00
Cooling water to seawater	m³/t	0.00	2.86	0.33	0.33	0.00
Process water to off-site wastewater treatment	m³/t	0.00	1.74	1.00	1.00	0.15
Process water to freshwater after treatment onsite wastewater treatment	m³/t	22.43	10.71	4.02	4.02	0.01
Process water to seawater after treatment onsite wastewater treatment	m³/t	0.00	7.15	0.52	0.52	0.00
Total water out	m³/t	44.86	28.47	6.91	6.91	0.17
Waterborne emissions - freshwater
COD	kg/t	6.44	1.89	0.81	0.81	0.00
BOD 5	kg/t	0.41	0.23	0.19	0.19	0.00
TOC	kg/t	4.28	0.62	0.041	0.041	0.00
Suspended solids	kg/t	0.93	0.36	0.16	0.16	0.00
Total Nitrogen	kg/t	0.875	0.044	0.046	0.046	0.00
AOX	kg/t	0.0447	0.0053	0.00048	0.00048	0.00
Total Phosphorus	kg/t	0.0157	0.0042	0.0047	0.0047	0.00
Waterborne emissions - seawater
COD	kg/t	0.00	1.75	0.09	0.09	0.00
BOD5	kg/t	0.00	0.31	0.007	0.007	0.00
TOC	kg/t	0.00	0.26	0.018	0.018	0.00
Suspended solids	kg/t	0.00	0.29	0.013	0.013	0.00
Total Nitrogen	kg/t	0.00	0.051	0.0075	0.0075	0.00
AOX	kg/t	0.00	0.0013	0.00011	0.00011	0.00
Total Phosphorus	kg/t	0.00	0.0089	0.00042	0.00042	0.00

			Semichemical Fluting	Kraftliner	Recycled Fluting	Testliner	Corrugated Board
RESIDUES	dry content
Calcium Carbonate	75%	kg/t	0.491	0.00	0.069	0.069	n.a.
Ink residues	50%	kg/t	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	0.355
Inorganic ashes (10 01 01)	85%	kg/t	7.481	12.06	7.928	8.632	n.a.
Green liquor sludge	32%	kg/t	0.466	5.24	0.716	0.206	n.a.
Organic primary fibre sludge	43%	kg/t	0.495	0.015	21.247	21.247	n.a.
Lime mud	32%	kg/t	0.222	10.745	0.080	0.080	n.a.
Organic biological treatment sludge	43%	kg/t	15.984	7.470	17.543	17.543	0.336
Bark and wood	45%	kg/t	0.254	0.003	0.030	0.030	n.a.
Paper for recycling	90%	kg/t	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	120
Rejects, paper related **	57%	kg/t	2.462	4.145	15.641	15.641	n.a.
Rejects, other ***	57%	kg/t	4.925	8.291	31.281	31.281	n.a.
Rejects - total	57%	kg/t	7.394	12.449	46.969	46.969	n.a.
Starch, glue (wet weight)	30%	kg/t	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.	0.096
Lubricants and oil		kg/t	0.179	0.118	0.044	0.044	0.018

*not representative

«0» no input or below reporting requirements see «chemical input»

«na» not available

*As this life cycle inventory is intended to be representative of average European production, only transport from European paper mills to European corrugated board production sites has been considered in the weighted average. Transport associated with export of paper outside of Europe has not been considered

**Rejected materials that were associated with the previous use of the paper (for example, staples, paper clips, tags, adhesive labels, unrecovered fibres, etc)

***Material that is not in any way associated with the previous use of the paper (for example, foreign items such as plastic packaging, glass, sand and grit, etc)

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